This can cause the liver to be unable to perform its functions. Hepatitis viruses replicate (multiply) primarily in the liver cells. Reference to the hepatitis viruses often occurs in an abbreviated form (for example, HAV, HBV, and HCV represent hepatitis viruses A, B, and C, respectively.) The focus of this article is on these viruses that cause the majority of human viral hepatitis. The most common hepatitis viruses are types A, B, and C. As our knowledge of hepatitis viruses grows, this alphabetical list will likely become longer. There are several hepatitis viruses they have been named types A, B, C, D, E, F (not confirmed), and G. When most doctors speak of viral hepatitis, they are using the definition that means hepatitis caused by a few specific viruses that primarily attack the liver and are responsible for about half of all human hepatitis. Most viruses, however, do not attack primarily the liver the liver is just one of several organs that the viruses affect. Many viruses, for example, the virus causing mononucleosis and the cytomegalovirus, can inflame the liver. Many illnesses and conditions can cause inflammation of the liver, for example, drugs, alcohol, chemicals, and autoimmune diseases. Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. Blood transfusion is a rare cause of viral hepatitis. Those at risk for viral hepatitis B and C include workers in the health care profession, people with multiple sexual partners, intravenous drug abusers, and people with hemophilia.Hepatitis infections can be prevented by avoiding exposure to viruses, through injectable immunoglobulins, or by vaccines however, vaccines are available for only hepatitis A and B.Chronic viral hepatitis often requires treatment to prevent progressive liver damage, cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer.The symptoms of chronic viral hepatitis often are mild and nonspecific, and the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis often is delayed.Rarely, acute viral hepatitis causes fulminant hepatic failure. Symptoms of acute viral hepatitis include fatigue, flu-like symptoms, dark urine, light-colored stools, fever, and jaundice however, acute viral hepatitis may occur with minimal symptoms that go unrecognized.Viral hepatitis types B and C can cause chronic hepatitis.All hepatitis viruses can cause acute hepatitis. There are several types of hepatitis viruses including types A, B, C, D, E, and possibly G.
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